Shearing machine



March 25, 1941.A M; w, HAZELTON SHEARING MACHINE Filed July l2, 1940 2Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Maf/. 1 W HAZEL To/v.

' ATTORNEYS.

March 25, 1941. M. w. HAzx-:LT'QN SHEARING MACHINE Filed July 12, 1940'2 Sheets-Sheet 2 OQ NEE zum Nn I Rw u of. E mf. m .EZ O VA T WHNTM L u.M w

V1 DD z ,l I 7 f l iz,z3s.1l9z` l SHEAmGMACHmE: MerrillWHazelt'on,CincinnatLOhimassignor'to 1 i' The-Cincinnati-Shaper'sCompanmCincinnati, -A Ohio,a'corporation of Ohio'l 1 J i appucatiionjniiyia,1949, serial N"y.'34"5',19s f j dsonline:y (ci. 1st-47) f i T l nvention;relates,V to she/airing'. machines :andiplfulaly i Work :SUDDOIEIG.means *for the backside ot theshear. In the conventional Ashearing.machine .therefris a lower fixed shear .5 blade and yany upper.reciprocating ,shear blade. In front of the machine thereis usually atable -uponywhich fthe. :material to' be shearedv is supported. Attheback ofthe machine there is usually aback gauge against which sheetsto be isheared are butted for .gauging purposes. In cases-where thin.ysheetsvare being sheared, the sheetssag in the unsupported regionadjacent the back gauge and gaugingbecomes 'extremely difficult. In thisconnectlonit is an object of my invention to provide means forsupporting the overhang of the sheet so that normal gauging can easilybe carried out. l y

Where heavy sheets are being sheared,v and particularly where there is asmall scrap on the table and therefore a heavy overhang, it isimpossible to shear in this position, and it has been necessary in thepast to change to a front gauge arrangement. In this connection it is anobject of my invention to provide means forl holding up the overhang ofthe sheet so that even with heavy sheets and small scrap on the table,it will be unnecessary to change to a front gauge.

If long sheets are to be cut, the back angle or vback gauge must beremoved, which is inconvement and takes considerable time. In thisVconnection it is an object of my invention to lprovide an arrangementfor opening the supporting means with respect tothe back gauge so thatlong sheets may be easily fed over the back 3 5 angle to a supplementaryback gauge. i

It is another object of my invention to provide `control meansconveniently accessible to the op- -erator for accomplishing thisobject.A

These and other objects of my invention which y i y a pipe line or tube2|, yfrom some suitable source 40 will be described more in detailhereinafter, or which will be-apparent lto one skilled in the art uponreading these specifications, I accomplish by that certain constructionand varrangement of partsof which I lshall now describe an exemplary 5embodiment.

Reference is made to the drawings forminga part hereof, and in whichVFigure .1 is a vertical cross section through the head ofa typicalshearing machine, vshow irigmy magnet sheet support as incorporatedtherein.

` Fig. 2`is ari enlarged sectional view taken along 'the'line 2--2 ofFig. 1. -1 Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front elevationeshowing the magnetbar control levers 'as seenA from 5c theright in Fig. 1.

along@ the line :detail hereinafter.

contained in a cylinder n Y fixed -to the frame member I8 by means ofscrews 20. The entire series is actuated simultaneously,andautomatically in' response to movementV of of hydraulic pressure.

Fig. 4is a detailed perspect eviewshowing the magnet bar according'toFi'g' 1 and`2 detached from the machine. 7 v ff Fl:g.f5 is afragmentarysectional view taken 5 5 of Fig.` 1, 'showing on are- 5 ducedscale the varrangfefiinent of the magnet bars andthe back gauge bar. l l

`AFig. 6 is a' sectional view taken Valong the li-ne sfeer Fig. 1. e f

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line 10 nig. s is a wiringdiagram.,

Briefly in the practice of my invention, AI provide means at the back"of "the`shearing'blades foiholding up the overhang yof a sheetto be 15sheared. The holding means are electro-magnetic in character, as will bedescribed in` more Referring to Figs. v1 and, Ii, shearingvhead consistslof a ram I0, a braceplate II, and a pair 20 of brackets I 2 and I2a.4These-v members are securely joined together and are of substantialmass to impart Agreat rigidityv to the assembly. The upper shear bladeI3 is carried at the lower edge of the'ram I 0, and cooperates with aiixed 25 shear blade I4 mounted in the frame and arranged to shear asheet I5.

A table I6 extends forwardly from thev plate l I4 for convenience of theop'eratorin handling the work, and a series of hydraulic plungers I1 30are arranged to descend and grip the sheet automatically-just previoustothe operation of the shear,v thus clamping the sheetsY I5- securelyagainst the table I6. Each 'of the plungers I1 is I8-, the cylindersbeing 35 the ram I0, by means of fiuidsupplived through 'Il'he hydraulicclamping arrangement forms no part of this invention, and is thereforenot described in deta y Movement'of the ram assembly is accomplished bymeans of a pair'of reccei'itrics 22 and 23 mount- 45 ed on the ymainshaft 2 4, at opposite Vsides of the machine. 'I'he shaft 24 isjournaled in the side frames of thejmachine at 24a and 2lb.' Each of theeccentrics engages a linl: 25 which is plvoted to the ram j IIl'jby abracket 2'I `as indicated at 50 26.' r Itywill novv 'be'clear that acomplete revolution pf' the shaft 2l will producev a complete rcyclevofoperationofnthe ram assembly, that is, the

ram -`will be 'moved to its extreme downward po- .y sltion and returnedto the position-of Fig. l'. vThe 55 great detail.

shaft 24 may' be driven in any convenient manner although in Fig. 6 Ihave indicated a motor 26, speed reducer 29 and single revolution clutch36, since this equipment will be sufficient for.v a completeunderstanding of this invention.

The weight of the ram assembly is counterbalanced in a known manner, andI have illustrated only so much of the counterbalance mechanism as willbe necessary to an understanding of the invention. der 3l containing aplurality of heavy coil springs of thel compression type (not shown).These springs are nested one within the other and bear end of theupward. A clevis 33 is provided at the lower end of the rod 32, andengages a pin 34 fixed in the member I2 of the' ram assembly. The springhousing 3l is mounted by means of a bracket 35 to across bar 36, whichextends substantially across the machine and supports other deviceswhich will be described hereinafter.

A second counterbalance device similar in all respects to the one justdescribed is mounted at the other side of the machine and engages themember I2a of the ram assembly. Clevis 33a and pin 34a of thiscounterbalancing device are shown in Fig. 6. The links 25 have cut outportions 25a through which the cross bar 36 extends, the bar beingsecured in any suitable manner to the sideframe members 31 and 36. Asseen in Fig. 1, a bracket 39 is bolted to the frame at 4I` and to thecross bar 36 at 39a. The bracket has a half bearing 4Ia against theshaft 24 to counterbalance upward bending of the shaft. A similarbracket 46 is supplied at the other end of the shaft.

Suitable guide members are of course provided for directing the movementof the ram assembly, but these have been omitted from the drawings inorder to avoid undue complication. Since the precise details of theseguide members and also the details of the above described mechanicalelements form no essential part of the present invention, and are onlyincidental to a complete description thereof, I have not described themin Supported, as will be described in more detail hereinafter, beneaththe brace plate Il, are a series of' magnet bars 42 vwhich serve tosupport the portion Ia of the sheet I5,-which extends beyond the nxedshear blade I4. A back gauge bar 431s fixed near each end to nuts 64,which are adapted to slide in guides 45,which guides in turn are xed tothe under side of the brace plate Il. Screws in the guides 45 and engagethe nuts 44. Each of the screws 46 as is clearly shown in Fig. 1, isprovided with a bevel gear 41 meshing with a bevel gear 46 fixed on theshaft 43. The shaft 49 is journaled in gear boxes 56, which are integralwith the guides 45, and a hand wheel 5I is fixed on one end of theshaft, whereby the position of the back front face 43a of thel backgaugeagainst which the sheet I5 abuts, is cut away as at 43h4 to makeroom for the rear ends of the magnet bars 42.

Each of the magnet bars is supported by a pair of rods 52 which passthrough portions 42a vinto magnet bars and are headed at their lowerends at at 52a. The. jrods 52 are slidable in bushings 53 which arethreaded into the brace plate II and are provided with lock nuts 54.lThe upper ends of the rods 52 are threaded to receive the 75 springcouplers The device comprises a cylin- 46 are suitably mounted withgaugemay be shifted. The,

5.5 which are retainedin desired volutions of the springs are `oneagainst the vided by the arms 58 and 1I.

It is desirable in cutting different thicknesses of Asheets that themagnet bars be capable of adjustment to various heights above th`e levelof the table I6. 'To this end each of the springs 51 at the front end ofthe magnet bars is attached to a lever arm 56, which lever arms arefixed at appropriate intervalsl to a shaft 59. The shaft 59 is journaledin bearings 59a, at each side of the machine. A lever 60 is flxed'to theshaft 59, and has pivoted to it as atv 66a, a link 6I which extendsforwardly through a slot 62 in the bracket 63.'4 A handle 6Ia isprovided at the outer end of the link 6I and a plurality of notches6Ibare providedl in the lower edge thereof. These notches are arrangedto engage a pointed screw 64 in the bracket 63 to hold the link 6I inany desired position. A small vspring 65 bearing against the upper edgeof the link 6| and contained in the bracket 63 serves to normally holdthev notches 6Ib in engagement with the screw 64. Thus by simply raisingthe handle 6Ia and moving the link 6i to a new position the height ofthe front ends of the magnet bars may be adjusted. 'Ihe link 6I may begraduated as shown at 6Ic to indicate the exact height of the front endsof the magnet bars with respect tov the table I6.

The position of the rear ends of the magnet bars is similarly controlledby a handle 66 fixed to-the link 61 which may also be graduated andprovided with a notched latching device similar to that described inconnection with the link 6I. The link 61 is pivoted as at 68 to the arm69, which is fixed von the shaft 10. The shaft extends across themachine and has fixed to it at appropriate intervals a series of shortarms 1I similar to the arms 58. The upper ends of the rear supportingsprings 51 are attached to the `disposed with respect to the blade I4and that the brace'plate II is parallel to the blade I3. 'I'he magnetbars 42 however lie ina plane parallel to the table I6. The rods 52 areof such length that the distances from the magnet casings to the undersides of the sleeves 53 are progressively greater from the left toright, as seen in Fig. 6. 1 As the ram assembly starts to descend thebushings 53 slide downwardly upon the rods 52 until the lower faces ofthe bushings come into contact with the magnet casings.' From this pointon, the magnet casings will be carried downward with the ram assemblyagainst the tension of the u In Fig. I I have shown alimit switcharrange- 2,236,192 ment, and in Fig. 8 a wiring diagram. At 18 therev isindicated a source of alternating current to which the magnets areconnected through a rectier 8l). A rheostat 19 is provided for varyingthe voltage supplied and therefore the pull of the Aswitch 11 isdisposed in parallel to the rheostat 'i9 so that the latter may bebypassed. The reason for this construction is that it is desirable tohave only justenough magnetism, to support the sheet while adjusting andgaugingA so that the sheet may bemoved even though it is held up by themagnet bars.'l At the moment the shearing action starts however, it isdesirable to clamp the sheet more. tightly and thereforeV the switch 'l1is arrangedto be closed as the ram starts to descend. 'I'he switchr 1,6is normally closed and is arranged to be'op'ened by means of the camelement l5, when the movable shear blade reaches the 4ll'ottomoi" itsstroke, thus cuttingI off the currentv to the magnetsand permittingl thesheet to drop on to a.pile,.co n`veyorvor delivery chute.. A,swit`ch'16anormally open, is provided in parallel with the switchflii` in case itis desired 1 to have themagnets continuously operative as when shearingin a reverse direction, that is with the main body of the sheet held bythe magnets.

It will be clear that if the switch 16a is closed the' sheet will becontinuously held and will not be dropped at the end of the stroke.

It will. be clear from the above description that the cam. 'l5 may bevaried to suit the particular exigencies of the occasion, and that if itis desired to have the magnetism exerted over a longer or shorter periodof time, this can easily be accomplished by varying the length of thecam plate l5.

Coming now to a description of the magnetic bars, I have shown in Figs.1, 2 and 4 an electromagnetic type in which a plurality ofelectromagnets are provided.

Reference is made to my co-pending application Serial No. 345,197, ledof even date herewith, in which I have disclosed and claimed other typesof magnet bars, involving permanent magnets.

The windings indicated generally at 80' are mounted upon a stud8|.'which is provided with an insulating wrapping as at 82, the ends ofthe coil may be insulated as at 83. The stud 8| is threaded into the Ushaped housing as indicated at 84. An armature 85 is screwed to therespective studs 8| as by means of screws 86, which may alsoserve tohold in position a thin piece of any suitable material 81 for thepurpose of closing the U shaped member and keeping out dirt and thelike.

a sheet while permitting movement of the sheet in its plane.

2. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,electro-magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheetbeyond the blades, and vmeans tovv render said electro-magnetic meanseffective in holding up n a sheet while permitting movement of the sheetin its plane, said electro-magnetic means comprising a plurality ofmagnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said shear blades.

respect to the A 3 3. In combination with a shear having blades forcutting sheet metal, electro-magnetic means for holding up theunsupported portionof a sheet beyond thel blades, and means to rendersaid electro-magnetic means effective in holding up a sheet whilepermitting movement of the sheet in its plane, said electro-magneticmeans comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by sidetransversely of saidshear blades, said last mentioned means lcomprisingmeans forcontrolling the attractive force of said magnets.- Y

4. In combination 'with a. shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,.electro-magnetic means for holding upthe unsupported portion of a sheetbeyond the blades',I rality of magnet barsdisposed side by sidetraris'-=verselyy of said; shear blades, said magnetfbars` the time when'sucuportion of said blade fwhihj is aligned `with such magnet bar. is.substantially coplanar with the bottom of saidmagnet bar` I' 5. In ashear having affixed blade and a mov,- able blade the cutting edge ofwhich is non'- horizontal, a plurality of magnetic bars arranged side byside normal to said shear blades with the bottoms of said magnet bars ina common horizental plane, and means for causing said magnet bars insequence from one side of the shear to the other to descend with theblade progressively as that portion of the movable shear blade which isaligned with such magnet bars is coplanar with the bottom of such magnetbar.

6. In a' shear having a xed blade and a movable blade, a pair oftransverse shafts disposed .parallel to the line of cut of said shear,a. plurality of levers fixed to each of said shafts, a plurality ofmagnet bars arranged side by side transversely of said shear with thebottoms thereof in a common horizontal plane the front ends of therespective magnet bars being suspended from the levers on one of saidtransverse shafts, the rear ends of said magnet bars respectivelybeingsuspended from the levers on the other said transverse shaft, and meansfor rocking each of said transverse shafts in order tical position ofsaid magnet bars.

7. A shear according to claim 6 in which said magnet bars are yieldablysuspended from vsaid levers and lost motion means in connection with theindividual magnet bars and connected to the movable shear blade wherebywhen the shear blade, at a point where it is aligned with a magnet baris 'coplanar with the bottom of said magnet bar, said magnet bar willdescend with the shear.

8. A shear according to claim 6 in which the means for rocking saidtransverse shafts comprise levers accessible from the front of themachine.

9. A shear according to claim 6 in Awhich the means for rocking saidtransverse shafts comprise saidf'means comprising a rplu-'Q` to adjustthe verlevers accessible from the front of the machine.- y

,said levers being calibrated in terms of the height ofthe bottom of themagnet bars above'the fixed shear blade. y

10. A shear according to claim 2 in which there is provided a. backgauge having cut-out portions to accommodate vthe magnet bars and meansfor adjusting the .position of said back gauge with shear blades. 11.Inthe combination according to claim 1, an

electric circuit including la source of electric cur-l rent for saidelectromagnetic means, a rheostat in said circuit forfadjusting. thevoltage supplied rent for said electromagnetic means, a rheostat` insaid circuit for adjusting the voltage supplied to said eiectromagneticmeans, and means for short circuiting said resistance, said circuitincluding also a normally closed switch yand a normally open switchconnected in parallel with said normally closed switch.

14. In the combination according to claim 1, an electro circuitincluding a source of electric current for said electromagnetic means, arheostat in said circuit for adjusting the voltage supplied to saidelectromagnetic means, and means for short circuiting saidresistance,rsaid circuit in resistance, the means for i cluding also anormally closed switch and a normally open switch connected in parallelwith said normally closed switch, -said normally closed switch arrangedto be opened at the completion of the cut and said normally open switchpermitting the maintenance of the circuit at the completion of the cut,when desirable.

15. In combination 4with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal,a main shaft, electromagnetic means for holding up the unsupportedportion of a sheet beyond the blades, an electric circuit including saidelectro-magnetic means and a source of electric current therefor, arheostat in said circuit and a switch for short circuiting saidrheostat, said circuit including also anormally closed switch and anormally open switch in parallel therewith, -a camcn said main shaft,said cam arranged to close said rheostat short circuiting switch uponinitiation of movement of the shear, and said cam arranged also to opensaid normally closed switch upon completion oi the cut, said normallyopen switch permitting the electric circuit to be maintained at thecompletion of the cut if desired.

' W. HAZELTON.

